Cardiac Arrest

The heart has an internal electrical system that controls the rhythm of the heartbeat. Problems can cause abnormal heart rhythms, called arrhythmias. There are many types of arrhythmia. During an arrhythmia, the heart can beat too fast, too slow, or it can stop beating. Sudden cardiac arrest occurs when the heart develops an arrhythmia that causes it to stop beating. This is different than a heart attack, where the heart usually continues to beat but blood flow to the heart is blocked.

There are many possible causes of cardiac arrest. They include coronary heart disease, heart attack, electrocution, drowning, or choking. There may not be a known cause to the cardiac arrest.

Without medical attention, the person will die within a few minutes. People are less likely to die if they have early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation. Defibrillation is delivering an electric shock to restore the heart rhythm to normal.

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a gas that has no odor or color. But it is very dangerous. It can cause sudden illness and death. CO is found in combustion fumes, such as those made by cars and trucks, lanterns, stoves, gas ranges and heating systems. CO from these fumes can build up in places that don't have a good flow of fresh air. You can be poisoned by breathing them in. The most common symptoms of CO poisoning are

* Headache
* Dizziness
* Weakness
* Nausea
* Vomiting
* Chest pain
* Confusion

It is often hard to tell if someone has CO poisoning, because the symptoms may be like those of other illnesses. People who are sleeping or intoxicated can die from CO poisoning before they have symptoms. A CO detector can warn you if you have high levels of CO in your home.

Cancer Alternative Therapies

You have many choices to make about your cancer treatment. One choice you might be thinking about is complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). CAM is the term for medical products and practices that are not part of standard care. Standard care is what medical doctors, doctors of osteopathy, and allied health professionals, such as registered nurses and physical therapists, practice. Alternative medicine means treatments that you use instead of standard ones. Complementary medicine means nonstandard treatments that you use along with standard ones. Examples of CAM therapies are acupuncture, chiropractic, and herbal medicines.

CAM treatments do not work for everyone, but some methods such as acupuncture might help with nausea, pain and other side effects of cancer treatment. In general, researchers know more about the safety and effectiveness of standard cancer treatments than they do about CAM. To make sure nothing gets in the way of your cancer care, talk to your doctor before you try anything new.

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are one of the main types of food. Your liver breaks down carbohydrates into glucose (blood sugar). Your body uses this sugar for energy for your cells, tissues and organs.

Carbohydrates are called simple or complex, depending on how fast your body digests and absorbs the sugar. You get simple carbohydrates from fruits, milk products and table sugar. Complex carbohydrates include whole grain breads and cereals, starchy vegetables and legumes. Complex carbohydrates and some simple carbohydrates provide vitamins, minerals and fiber. Products made with refined sugar provide little nutrition. It is wise to limit these products.

Cancer--Living with Cancer

Cancer is a major illness, but not everyone who gets cancer will die from it. Millions of Americans alive today have a history of cancer and had successful treatment. For them, cancer has become an ongoing health problem, like high blood pressure or diabetes.

For most people with cancer, living with the disease is the biggest challenge they have ever faced. The disease changes your routines, roles and relationships. It can cause money and work problems. The treatment can change the way you feel and look. This page includes information on different aspects of living with cancer. Special sections cover nutritional, financial, emotional and sexual issues.

Cancer

Cancer begins in your cells, which are the building blocks of your body. Normally, your body forms new cells as you need them, replacing old cells that die. Sometimes this process goes wrong. New cells grow even when you don't need them, and old cells don't die when they should. These extra cells can form a mass called a tumor. Tumors can be benign or malignant. Benign tumors aren't cancer while malignant ones are. Cells from malignant tumors can invade nearby tissues. They can also break away and spread to other parts of the body.
Most cancers are named for where they start. For example, lung cancer starts in the lung, and breast cancer starts in the breast. The spread of cancer from one part of the body to another is called metastasis. Symptoms and treatment depend on the cancer type and how advanced it is. Treatment plans may include surgery, radiation and/or chemotheraphy.

Calcium

You have more calcium in your body than any other mineral. Calcium has many important jobs. The body stores more than 99 percent of its calcium in the bones and teeth to help make and keep them strong. The rest is throughout the body in blood, muscle and the fluid between cells. Your body needs calcium to help muscles and blood vessels contract and expand, to secrete hormones and enzymes and to send messages through the nervous system.

It is important to get plenty of calcium in the foods you eat. Foods rich in calcium include diary products such as milk, cheese and yogurt, and leafy, green vegetables. The exact amount of calcium you need depends on your age and other factors. Growing children and teenagers need more calcium than young adults. Older women need plenty of calcium to prevent osteoporosis. People who do not eat enough high-calcium foods should take a calcium supplement.

Caffeine

Caffeine is a bitter substance found in coffee, tea, soft drinks, chocolate, some nuts and certain medicines. It has many effects on the body's metabolism, including stimulating the central nervous system. This can make you more alert and give you a boost of energy.

For most people, the amount of caffeine in two to four cups of coffee a day is not harmful. However, too much caffeine can make you restless, anxious and irritable. It may also keep you from sleeping well and cause headaches, abnormal heart rhythms or other problems. If you stop using caffeine, you could get withdrawal symptoms.

Some people are more sensitive to the effects of caffeine than others. They should limit their use of caffeine. So should pregnant and nursing women. Certain drugs and supplements may interact with caffeine. If you have questions about whether caffeine is safe for you, talk with your health care provider.

Coronary Artery Disease

Coronary artery disease is the most ordinary type of heart illness. It is the leading cause of loss in the United States in together men and women.

CAD happens when the arteries that provide blood to heart muscle become hard-bitten and narrowed. This is due to the buildup of cholesterol and other material, called plaque, on their inner walls. As the buildup grows, less blood can flow during the arteries. As a result, the heart muscle can't get the blood or oxygen it needs. This can lead to chest pain or a heart assault. Most heart attacks come about when a blood clot suddenly cuts off the hearts' blood supply, causing enduring heart damage.

Over time, CAD can also weaken the heart muscle and add to heart failure and arrhythmias. Heart failure income the heart can't pump blood well to the rest of the body. Arrhythmias are change in the usual beating rhythm of the heart.

Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

If you have coronary artery disease (CAD), the artery that supply blood and oxygen to the heart muscle become toughened and narrowed. If way of life change and medicines don't help, your doctor may advise coronary artery bypass surgery.

The surgery uses a part of a vein from the leg or vein from the chest or wrist. The surgeon attach this to the coronary artery above and below the pointed area or blockage. This allows blood to bypass the blockage. Some people need additional than one bypass.

You may need bypass surgery for a variety of reasons. Another procedure for CAD, angioplasty, may not have widen the artery enough. In some cases, the angioplasty tube can't reach the obstruction.

A bypass too can close again. This happens in additional than 10 percent of bypass surgeries, typically after 10 or more years.

Clostridium Difficile Infections

Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is a bacterium that causes diarrhea and more serious intestinal conditions such as colitis. Symptoms include

* Watery diarrhea (at least three bowel movements per day for two or more days)
* Fever
* Loss of appetite
* Nausea
* Abdominal pain or tenderness

People in good health usually don’t get C. difficile disease. You might get the disease if you have an illness that requires prolonged use of antibiotics. Increasingly, the disease can also be spread in the hospital. The elderly are also at risk. Treatment is with antibiotics.

Cesarean Section

A Cesarean section is surgical procedure to bring a baby. The baby is taken out during the mother's abdomen. In the United States, concerning one in four women have their babies this way. Most C-sections are done when unforeseen problems happen during delivery. These include

* Health harms in the mother

* The point of the baby

* Not sufficient room for the baby to go through the vagina

* Signs of pain in the baby

C-sections are also more ordinary among women carrying more than one baby.

The surgery is fairly safe for mother and baby. Still, it is major surgery and carries risks. It also takes longer to get well from a C-section than from vaginal birth. After healing, the opening may leave a weak spot in the wall of the uterus. This could cause evils with an attempted vaginal birth later. However, more than half of women who have a C-section can give vaginal birth later on.

Music

Music is an art form that involves organized sounds and quiet. It is articulated in terms of pitch (which includes melody and harmony), rhythm (which includes tempo and meter), and the quality of sound (which includes timbre, articulation, dynamics, and texture).Music may also absorb generative forms in time through the construction of patterns and combinations of natural stimuli, principally sound. Music may be used for artistic or aesthetic, communicative, entertainment, traditional or religious purposes. The definition of what constitutes music varies according to culture and social context, with assorted interpretations of the term being established under sub-genres of the art. Within "the arts", music can be classified as a performing art, a fine art, or an auditory art form.

The history of music predates the written word and is tied to the enlargement of each unique human culture. The development of music among humans occurred against the backdrop of natural sounds such as birdsong and the sounds other animals use to communicate. primeval music, once more commonly called primitive music, is the name given to all music created in preliterate cultures (prehistory), beginning somewhere in very late geological history.

Cooking barbecued food properly

Always make sure you cook chicken, pork, burgers, sausages and kebabs until they're piping hot all the way through, none of the meat is pink and any juices run clear.

If you're barbecuing for lots of people, you could cook meat indoors and finish it off on the barbecue for added flavour.

Remember, when you reheat food on the barbecue, always make sure it's piping hot all the way through before serving.

Also:

* Wait until the charcoal is glowing red, with a powdery grey surface, before you start to cook.
* Make sure frozen food is properly thawed before you cook it.
* Turn the food regularly, and move it around the barbecue, to cook it evenly.
* Check that the centre of the food is piping hot.
* Don't assume that if meat is charred on the outside that it will be cooked properly on the inside.

Computer Energy Savings

Every time we leave on computers when not in use, we are wasting electricity. Following are a few simple tips to consider:

* Turn off all desktop computers and peripheral devices, including monitors and storage media devices, at night and during any prolonged absence such as weekends or vacation time. Turning off the equipment at night can cut the annual energy costs from 100 to 400 kWh per computer. Contrary to popular belief, turning equipment on and off does not shorten the life span of computers or related equipment.

* Computer manufacturers provide Energy Star power-management features that allow you to program your computer to go into "sleep" mode after a certain time interval. Information Services recommends that you set your power management to turn off your monitor after 10 minutes and your hard disks after 20 minutes. See Power Management for PC and Mac instructions for setting power management.

* Limit screen-saver use. A screen saver does not save energy. In fact, more often than not, a screen saver not only will draw power for the monitor, but also will keep the CPU from shutting down. You can set your computer to go from screen-saver to sleep mode.

* Purchase flat-screen monitors. They use significantly less energy and are not as hard on the eyes.

Food allergy and intolerance

Food allergy and food intolerance are both types of food sensitivity. When someone has a food allergy, their immune system reacts to a particular food as if it isn't safe. If someone has a severe food allergy, this can cause a life-threatening reaction.

Food intolerance doesn't involve the immune system and is generally not life-threatening. But if someone eats a food they are intolerant to, this could make them feel ill or affect their long-term health.

If you think you have a food allergy or intolerance, then it's important to get a proper diagnosis. Don't cut food groups out of your diet without medical advice, because you could miss out on important nutrients.

If you want to know when a food has been withdrawn or recalled because the allergy labelling is missing or incorrect or if there is any other food allergy risk, check out the Agency's Allergy Alerts page on food.gov.uk. You can also sign up for email or text alerts.

Bone Health

Bones play many roles in the body. They provide structure, protect organs, anchor muscles, and store calcium. Adequate calcium consumption and weight bearing physical activity build strong bones, optimizes bone mass, and may reduce the risk of osteoporosis later in life.

Peak Bone Mass

Peak bone mass refers to the genetic potential for bone density. By the age of 20, the average woman has acquired most of her skeletal mass. A large decline in bone mass occurs in older adults, increasing the risk of osteoporosis. For women this occurs around the time of menopause.

It is important for young girls to reach their peak bone mass in order to maintain bone health throughout life. A person with high bone mass as a young adult will be more likely to have a higher bone mass later in life. Inadequate calcium consumption and physical activity early on could result in a failure to achieve peak bone mass in adulthood.

Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis or "porous bone" is a disease of the skeletal system characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue. Osteoporosis leads to an increase risk of bone fractures typically in the wrist, hip, and spine.

A Guide To SIM Free Phones

Mobile telephony has seen tremendous growth over the years. From being a communication media of the rich and the privileged mobile phone today has become a part and parcel in everybody's life. Mobile network services has also seen some unprecedented growth. By embracing newer technologies, mobile service providers have been able to cut down the cost and have brought flexibility and afford ability in the mobile communications.Mobile network service providers use various technologies to provide you mobile services. Popular among them are: CDMA and GSM technology. The most widely used is GSM technology around 70 per cent of people across the globe make calls using GSM technology.

SIM free phones refers to mobile phones which are compatible to GSM technology. These phones are available without a connection or a line. You can buy any SIM free phone and use SIM card of any service provider to make and receive calls. A Tri-band SIM Free phone will work on any GSM network service provided you insert a SIM card with a compatible frequency.

As far as advantages of Sim free phones are they offer more benefits than any contract mobile phone and pay-as-you-go phone. A Sim free mobile phone offers flexibility to the mobile users by giving them the freedom to choose service provider. As per his needs and the services of the network, he can switch into any service provider. Sim free mobile phones are ideal for people who travel most of the year. Such people can take any SIM card available in the particular country in order to make and receive calls. Due to such benefits many people are getting hooked to SIM free phones. These phones are ringing bells on the sales counter of service providers.

About PD Photo

About PD Photo PDPhoto.org is a repository for public domain photos. Use the photos for anything, including commercial uses, other websites, school projects, articles, ads, whatever. Public domain means the photo is not protected by copyright and may be freely used by everyone. Unless something is clearly marked as being something other than public domain, you can assume it is free to use.

However, there are some things to keep in mind: This doesn't mean that you can take the material as is and then copyright it yourself. It's in the public domain and that's where it must stay. And if you intend to use an image you find here for commercial use, please be aware that standards for such use are higher than for other uses. Specifically, if you see a picture here with people you should assume no model release was obtained. And pictures featuring products or property may open you to litigation if you use them commercially without permision.

I'm not a lawyer, and I don't mean to scare you off, but just use some due diligence. The photos are here to be used, but I don't want you to get either of us in trouble over it.

Bluetooth multiplayer games

Mobiles are connected through a wireless protocol known as Bluetooth using special hardware. The games are designed to communicate with each other through this protocol to split game information. The basic restriction is that both the users have to be within a limited distance to get connected. In this type of connection the game mode can only be one to one or two players extra like a peer to peer connection between two PCs.

Features of Mobile phone

There are significant questions as to who first invented the camera phone, as numerous other people acknowledged patents filed in the early 1990s for the device, including David M. Britz of AT&T Research in March of 1994 and Philippe Kahn, who claims to have first invented it in 1997. The camera phone now holds 85% of the mobile phone marketplace. Mobile phones often have features beyond transfer text messages and making voice calls, including Internet browsing, music (MP3) playback, memo recording, personal organizer functions, e-mail, instant messaging, built-in cameras and camcorders, ringtones, games, radio, Push-to-Talk (PTT), infrared and Bluetooth connectivity, call registers, ability to watch streaming video or download video for later viewing, video calling and serve as a wireless modem for a PC, and soon will also provide as a console of sorts to online games and other high quality games (e.g. Final Fantasy Agito).

Uses & Design of Supercomputer

Uses

Supercomputers are used for extremely calculation-intensive tasks such as weather forecasting, climate research (including research into global warming), molecular modeling (computing the structures and properties of chemical compounds, biological macromolecules, polymers, and crystals), physical simulations (such as simulation of airplanes in wind tunnels, simulation of the detonation of nuclear weapons, and research into nuclear fusion), cryptanalysis, and the like. Military and scientific agencies are important users.

Design

Supercomputers traditionally gained their speed over conventional computers through the use of inventive designs that allow them to perform many tasks in parallel, as well as complex detail engineering. They tend to be specialized for certain types of computation, generally numerical calculations, and perform poorly at more general computing tasks. Their memory hierarchy is very carefully designed to make certain the processor is kept fed with data and instructions at all times—in fact, much of the performance difference between slower computers and supercomputers is due to the memory hierarchy design and componentry. Their I/O systems have a propensity to be designed to support high bandwidth, with latency less of an issue, because supercomputers are not used for transaction processing.

As with all highly parallel systems, Amdahl's law applies, and supercomputer designs devote huge effort to eliminating software serialization, and using hardware to accelerate the remaining bottlenecks.

Earth science in Natural Science

Earth science (also known as geoscience, the geosciences or the Earth Sciences), is an all-embracing word for the sciences related to the planet Earth, including geology, geophysics, hydrology, meteorology, physical geography, oceanography, and soil science.

Although mining and precious stones have been human interests right through the history of civilization, their development into the sciences of economic geology and mineralogy did not occur until the 18th century. The learning of the earth, particularly palaeontology, blossomed in the 19th century and the growth of other disciplines like geophysics in the 20th century led to the development of the theory of plate tectonics in the 1960s, which has had a similar impact on the Earth sciences as the theory of evolution had on biology. Earth sciences nowadays are closely linked to climate research and the petroleum and mineral exploration industries.

Paper Density

The paper density of a type of paper or cardboard is the collection of the product per unit of area. Two ways of expressing paper density are usually used:

* Expressed in grams per square metre (g/m²), paper density is also called as grammage. This is the evaluate used in most parts of the world.

* Expressed in conditions of the mass (in pounds) of a ream of 500 (or in some cases 1000) sheets of a specified (raw, still uncut) basis size, paper density is called as basis weight. The base size and area used here based on the product type. This convention is used in the United States, and (to a lesser degree) in a very little number of other countries that use United States paper sizes. Japanese paper is articulated as the weight in kg of 1000 sheets.

Photographic Paper

Until the beginning of digital photographic processes, the sole meaning of photographic paper was paper coated with light-sensitive chemicals.

So-called photo papers of today are often especially coated papers for use in inkjet or laser printers to make digital prints. This article focuses on conventional photographic papers.

Photographic paper may be showing to light in a controlled manner either by placing a negative in contact with the paper directly (contact printing) or by using an enlarger (enlarging) in order to create a latent image. Photographic papers are subsequently developed using wet chemicals to make a visible image.

Obsolete And Special-Purpose Printing Technologies

The following technologies are either obsolete, or limited to particular applications though most were, at one time, in widespread use.

Thermal printers work by selectively heating regions of particular heat-sensitive paper. These printers are limited to special-purpose applications such as money registers and the printers in ATMs and gasoline dispensers. They are also used in some older reasonably priced fax machines.

Impact printers rely on a forcible impact to transfer ink to the media, like to the action of a typewriter. All but the dot matrix printer rely on the use of shaped characters, letterforms that represent each of the characters that the printer was capable of printing. In addition, most of these printers were restricted to monochrome printing in a single typeface at one time, although bolding and underlining of text could be done by overstriking, that is, printing two or more impressions in the same character position. Impact printers varieties contain, Typewriter-derived printers, Teletypewriter-derived printers, Daisy wheel printers, Dot matrix printers and Line printers. Dot matrix printers remain in general use in businesses where multi-part forms are printed, such as car rental service counters.

The real facts about Earth

The Earth's surface is exceptionally young. In the relatively short (by astronomical standards) time of 500,000,000 years or so erosion and tectonic processes destroy and restructure most of the Earth's surface and thus eliminate almost all traces of earlier geologic surface history (such as impact craters). Thus the very before time on history of the Earth has mostly been erased. The Earth is 4.5 to 4.6 billion years old, but the oldest recognized rocks are about 4 billion years aged and rocks older than 3 billion years are rare. The oldest fossils of presented organisms are less than 3.9 billion years old. There is no evidence of the critical period when life was first getting in progress.

The Earth's environment is 77% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, with draws of argon, carbon dioxide and water. There was perhaps a very much bigger amount of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere when the Earth was first created, but it has since been nearly all incorporated into carbonate rocks and to a smaller extent dissolved into the oceans and consumed by living plants. Plate tectonics and biological processes now keep a frequent flow of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to these various "sinks" and back over again. The little amount of carbon dioxide occupant in the atmosphere at any time is very important to the maintenance of the Earth's surface temperature through the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse consequence raises the average surface temperature regarding 35 degrees C above what it would if not be (from a frigid -21 C to a comfortable +14 C); without it the oceans would freeze and life as we know it would be impossible.

Earth

Earth is the third planet on or after the Sun and the fifth largest of the planet. Earth is the only planet whose English forename does not originate from Greek/Roman mythology. The name derives from Old English and Germanic.

Earth, for sure, can be studied exclusive of the aid of spacecraft. However it was not until the twentieth century that we had maps of the complete planet. Pictures of the planet taken from space are of significant importance; for example, they are a huge help in weather prediction and especially in tracking and predicting hurricanes, they are amazingly beautiful. The Earth's magnetic field and its relationships with the solar wind also generate the Van Allen emission belts, a pair of doughnut shaped rings of ionized gas (or plasma) trapped in orbit just about the Earth. The on the outside belt stretches from 19,000 km in altitude to 41,000 km; the inner belt lies involving 13,000 km and 7,600 km in altitude.

Venus and Earth

Venus is by the side of times regarded as Earth's sister planet. In some ways they are particularly similar:

* Venus is only a bit of smaller than Earth (95% of Earth's diameter, 80% of Earth's mass).

* Both have a small number of craters representing relatively young surfaces.

* Their densities and chemical compositions are in a similar way.

Because of these similarities, it was measured that below its dense clouds Venus might be very earthlike and power even have life. However, unfortunately, more detailed study of Venus reveals that in plenty of important ways it is radically different from Earth. It may be the smallest amount hospitable place for life in the solar system.

The strength of Venus' atmosphere at the surface is 90 atmospheres (about the same as the pressure at a deepness of 1 km in Earth's oceans). It is collected generally of carbon dioxide. There are numerous layers of clouds many kilometers bulky composed of sulfuric acid. These clouds entirely incomprehensible our view of the surface. This thick atmosphere creates a run-away greenhouse effect that raises Venus' face temperature by about 400 degrees to over 740 K (hot enough to melt lead). Venus' surface is truly hotter than Mercury's in spite of creature nearly twice as far from the Sun. The oldest terrains on Venus appear to be regarding 800 million years old. Extensive volcanism at that time wiped out the in move ahead surface counting any large craters from early in Venus' history.

The facts about Venus

Venus (Greek: Aphrodite; Babylonian: Ishtar) is the goddess of feel affection and beauty. The planet is so named the majority likely because it is the brightest of the planets recognized to the ancients. Venus has been identified since prehistoric times. It is the brightest thing in the sky not including for the Sun and the Moon. Like Mercury, it was generally thought to be two part bodies: Eosphorus as the morning star and Hesperus as the sunset star, but the Greek astronomers knew better.

Venus' rotary motion is rather unusual in that it is both very slow (243 Earth days per Venus day, somewhat longer than Venus' year) and retrograde. Moreover, the periods of Venus' rotary movement and of its orbit are synchronized such that it for all time presents the same face in the direction of Earth when the two planets are at their neighboring approach.

Mercury's dense iron core

Mercury is to a great extent denser than the Moon (5.43 gm/cm3 vs. 3.34). Mercury is the second densest mainly important body in the solar system, after Earth. Actually Earth's density is outstanding in part to gravitational density; if not for this, Mercury would be denser than Earth. This signifies that Mercury's dense iron core is reasonably larger than Earth, probably comprises the greater part of the planet. Mercury therefore has only a comparatively thin silicate mantle and crust.

Mercury's inner is under enemy control by a big iron core whose radius is 1800 to 1900 km. The silicate on the outside shell (analogous to Earth's mantle and crust) is just 500 to 600 km thick. At least several of the core is perhaps molten. Mercury truly has an enormously thin atmosphere consisting of atoms blasted off its surface by the solar wind. Because Mercury is so hot, these atoms speedily flee into space.